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2010: The Koo-Lu Modulator

Posted on January 7, 2019 Written by Gregory Durgin

Designed by Greg Koo and Albert Lu, this microwave modulator demonstrated retrodirective backscatter with 4-ary Phase Shift Keying (PSK).

This would be the first of many low-powered, retrodirective designs that the group would develop.  Powered by a TI MSP 430 micro-controller, the device consisted of a dynamically switched Van Atta array in which 4 different phase lengths could be inserted into the electrical pathways.  The result was a QPSK backscatter signal with large retrodirective gains.

Fun Fact:  This form of modulator is referred to within the group as a Koo-Lu modulator, named after Greg Koo and Albert Lu — the inventors.  Albert found the original Van Atta design and helped Greg Koo design the first implementation for his MS thesis.

Filed Under: Backscatter Radio

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